Concentric Hemispherical Analyzer (CHA) (also know as an HDA) the axis of which is 60 deg. away from the electron beam Table 1 Auger transitions and values of parameters used in calculations of the backscattering factor _____________________________________________________________________________________ Kinetic energy Ionization energy Pure element Atomic number Auger transition (keV) (keV) _____________________________________________________________________________________ Re 75 M5N45N45 1.418 1.883 _____________________________________________________________________________________ Table 2 The backscattering factors for quantitative analysis by auger electron spectroscopy(AES) _____________________________________________________ Primary energy Incident angle (keV) (deg) Backscattering factor _____________________________________________________ 1.9 0. 0.87407 1.9 10. 0.82071 1.9 20. 0.76835 1.9 30. 0.71158 1.9 40. 0.65029 1.9 45. 0.61604 1.9 50. 0.57903 1.9 60. 0.49191 1.9 70. 0.37828 1.9 75. 0.30605 1.9 80. 0.22010 1.9 81. 0.20056 1.9 82. 0.18069 1.9 83. 0.16039 1.9 84. 0.13934 1.9 85. 0.11758 1.9 86. 0.09516 1.9 87. 0.07357 1.9 88. 0.05173 1.9 89. 0.03122 2.0 0. 1.09432 2.0 10. 1.05936 2.0 20. 1.01898 2.0 30. 0.96966 2.0 40. 0.91100 2.0 45. 0.87565 2.0 50. 0.83496 2.0 60. 0.72975 2.0 70. 0.57508 2.0 75. 0.46846 2.0 80. 0.33747 2.0 81. 0.30848 2.0 82. 0.27750 2.0 83. 0.24503 2.0 84. 0.21219 2.0 85. 0.17809 2.0 86. 0.14379 2.0 87. 0.10939 2.0 88. 0.07577 2.0 89. 0.04457 2.3 0. 1.35949 2.3 10. 1.34874 2.3 20. 1.32505 2.3 30. 1.29421 2.3 40. 1.25138 2.3 45. 1.21899 2.3 50. 1.17909 2.3 60. 1.06072 2.3 70. 0.85594 2.3 75. 0.70389 2.3 80. 0.50637 2.3 81. 0.44985 2.3 82. 0.41379 2.3 83. 0.36500 2.3 84. 0.31423 2.3 85. 0.26221 2.3 86. 0.21003 2.3 87. 0.15767 2.3 88. 0.10727 2.3 89. 0.06107 2.6 0. 1.49567 2.6 10. 1.49433 2.6 20. 1.48521 2.6 30. 1.46410 2.6 40. 1.42661 2.6 45. 1.39823 2.6 50. 1.35953 2.6 60. 1.23703 2.6 70. 1.01009 2.6 75. 0.83506 2.6 80. 0.60180 2.6 81. 0.54720 2.6 82. 0.49069 2.6 83. 0.43178 2.6 84. 0.37134 2.6 85. 0.30990 2.6 86. 0.24720 2.6 87. 0.18453 2.6 88. 0.12459 2.6 89. 0.06959 3.0 0. 1.61293 3.0 10. 1.62131 3.0 20. 1.61869 3.0 30. 1.60637 3.0 40. 1.57902 3.0 45. 1.55060 3.0 50. 1.51331 3.0 60. 1.39112 3.0 70. 1.14939 3.0 75. 0.95294 3.0 80. 0.68968 3.0 81. 0.62802 3.0 82. 0.56372 3.0 83. 0.49676 3.0 84. 0.42739 3.0 85. 0.35560 3.0 86. 0.28282 3.0 87. 0.21079 3.0 88. 0.14100 3.0 89. 0.07735 3.3 0. 1.67419 3.3 10. 1.68634 3.3 20. 1.68975 3.3 30. 1.68209 3.3 40. 1.65449 3.3 45. 1.63117 3.3 50. 1.59499 3.3 60. 1.47081 3.3 70. 1.21761 3.3 75. 1.02065 3.3 80. 0.74154 3.3 81. 0.67664 3.3 82. 0.60655 3.3 83. 0.53463 3.3 84. 0.46007 3.3 85. 0.38327 3.3 86. 0.30466 3.3 87. 0.22680 3.3 88. 0.15134 3.3 89. 0.08198 3.6 0. 1.72021 3.6 10. 1.73428 3.6 20. 1.74422 3.6 30. 1.73704 3.6 40. 1.71501 3.6 45. 1.69235 3.6 50. 1.65759 3.6 60. 1.53562 3.6 70. 1.28439 3.6 75. 1.07600 3.6 80. 0.78485 3.6 81. 0.71570 3.6 82. 0.63783 3.6 83. 0.56780 3.6 84. 0.48891 3.6 85. 0.40727 3.6 86. 0.32366 3.6 87. 0.24065 3.6 88. 0.16008 3.6 89. 0.08593 4.0 0. 1.76757 4.0 10. 1.78658 4.0 20. 1.79597 4.0 30. 1.79710 4.0 40. 1.77498 4.0 45. 1.75437 4.0 50. 1.71952 4.0 60. 1.59923 4.0 70. 1.34961 4.0 75. 1.13664 4.0 80. 0.83518 4.0 81. 0.76311 4.0 82. 0.68691 4.0 83. 0.60583 4.0 84. 0.52267 4.0 85. 0.43552 4.0 86. 0.34642 4.0 87. 0.25706 4.0 88. 0.17024 4.0 89. 0.09054 4.3 0. 1.79632 4.3 10. 1.82077 4.3 20. 1.82916 4.3 30. 1.82829 4.3 40. 1.80981 4.3 45. 1.78918 4.3 50. 1.75451 4.3 60. 1.64027 4.3 70. 1.38944 4.3 75. 1.17515 4.3 80. 0.86803 4.3 81. 0.79377 4.3 82. 0.71318 4.3 83. 0.63288 4.3 84. 0.54487 4.3 85. 0.45483 4.3 86. 0.36188 4.3 87. 0.26830 4.3 88. 0.17747 4.3 89. 0.09347 4.6 0. 1.81841 4.6 10. 1.84116 4.6 20. 1.85445 4.6 30. 1.85447 4.6 40. 1.83740 4.6 45. 1.81630 4.6 50. 1.78518 4.6 60. 1.67057 4.6 70. 1.42225 4.6 75. 1.20703 4.6 80. 0.89696 4.6 81. 0.82080 4.6 82. 0.74130 4.6 83. 0.65587 4.6 84. 0.56540 4.6 85. 0.47161 4.6 86. 0.37629 4.6 87. 0.27839 4.6 88. 0.18289 4.6 89. 0.09631 5.0 0. 1.84667 5.0 10. 1.86904 5.0 20. 1.88056 5.0 30. 1.88316 5.0 40. 1.86773 5.0 45. 1.84705 5.0 50. 1.81860 5.0 60. 1.70333 5.0 70. 1.46347 5.0 75. 1.24719 5.0 80. 0.93295 5.0 81. 0.85530 5.0 82. 0.77281 5.0 83. 0.68417 5.0 84. 0.59163 5.0 85. 0.48299 5.0 86. 0.39369 5.0 87. 0.29211 5.0 88. 0.19251 5.0 89. 0.10014 5.3 0. 1.86372 5.3 10. 1.88638 5.3 20. 1.90322 5.3 30. 1.90303 5.3 40. 1.88338 5.3 45. 1.86652 5.3 50. 1.83721 5.3 60. 1.72463 5.3 70. 1.48736 5.3 75. 1.27395 5.3 80. 0.95896 5.3 81. 0.87930 5.3 82. 0.79514 5.3 83. 0.70462 5.3 84. 0.59925 5.3 85. 0.50981 5.3 86. 0.40638 5.3 87. 0.30138 5.3 88. 0.19802 5.3 89. 0.10254 5.6 0. 1.87655 5.6 10. 1.89805 5.6 20. 1.91333 5.6 30. 1.91748 5.6 40. 1.90140 5.6 45. 1.88030 5.6 50. 1.84658 5.6 60. 1.74222 5.6 70. 1.49963 5.6 75. 1.29855 5.6 80. 0.98209 5.6 81. 0.90244 5.6 82. 0.81519 5.6 83. 0.72464 5.6 84. 0.62230 5.6 85. 0.52494 5.6 86. 0.41891 5.6 87. 0.31062 5.6 88. 0.20421 5.6 89. 0.10511 6.0 0. 1.89184 6.0 10. 1.91450 6.0 20. 1.92634 6.0 30. 1.93033 6.0 40. 1.91620 6.0 45. 1.89682 6.0 50. 1.86911 6.0 60. 1.76331 6.0 70. 1.53645 6.0 75. 1.32629 6.0 80. 1.00904 6.0 81. 0.92904 6.0 82. 0.84195 6.0 83. 0.74854 6.0 84. 0.64899 6.0 85. 0.54427 6.0 86. 0.43417 6.0 87. 0.32195 6.0 88. 0.21153 6.0 89. 0.10843 6.3 0. 1.90345 6.3 10. 1.92395 6.3 20. 1.94034 6.3 30. 1.94106 6.3 40. 1.92358 6.3 45. 1.90666 6.3 50. 1.87923 6.3 60. 1.77317 6.3 70. 1.55245 6.3 75. 1.34639 6.3 80. 1.02868 6.3 81. 0.94802 6.3 82. 0.85983 6.3 83. 0.76315 6.3 84. 0.66461 6.3 85. 0.55781 6.3 86. 0.44554 6.3 87. 0.33052 6.3 88. 0.21691 6.3 89. 0.11092 6.6 0. 1.91176 6.6 10. 1.93102 6.6 20. 1.94648 6.6 30. 1.94747 6.6 40. 1.93278 6.6 45. 1.91410 6.6 50. 1.88754 6.6 60. 1.78576 6.6 70. 1.56867 6.6 75. 1.36351 6.6 80. 1.04768 6.6 81. 0.96399 6.6 82. 0.87801 6.6 83. 0.78207 6.6 84. 0.67956 6.6 85. 0.57013 6.6 86. 0.45641 6.6 87. 0.33909 6.6 88. 0.22233 6.6 89. 0.11334 7.0 0. 1.91888 7.0 10. 1.93958 7.0 20. 1.95403 7.0 30. 1.95972 7.0 40. 1.94168 7.0 45. 1.92520 7.0 50. 1.89597 7.0 60. 1.79501 7.0 70. 1.58523 7.0 75. 1.38664 7.0 80. 1.07136 7.0 81. 0.98936 7.0 82. 0.90046 7.0 83. 0.80300 7.0 84. 0.69883 7.0 85. 0.58790 7.0 86. 0.47088 7.0 87. 0.34942 7.0 88. 0.22922 7.0 89. 0.11610 7.3 0. 1.93131 7.3 10. 1.94929 7.3 20. 1.96285 7.3 30. 1.96355 7.3 40. 1.94784 7.3 45. 1.93021 7.3 50. 1.90273 7.3 60. 1.80504 7.3 70. 1.59693 7.3 75. 1.40211 7.3 80. 1.08739 7.3 81. 1.00490 7.3 82. 0.91493 7.3 83. 0.81849 7.3 84. 0.71265 7.3 85. 0.59933 7.3 86. 0.48133 7.3 87. 0.35739 7.3 88. 0.23438 7.3 89. 0.11802 7.6 0. 1.93428 7.6 10. 1.95499 7.6 20. 1.96299 7.6 30. 1.96955 7.6 40. 1.95203 7.6 45. 1.93416 7.6 50. 1.90632 7.6 60. 1.81229 7.6 70. 1.60801 7.6 75. 1.41587 7.6 80. 1.10459 7.6 81. 1.02150 7.6 82. 0.93130 7.6 83. 0.83236 7.6 84. 0.72692 7.6 85. 0.61283 7.6 86. 0.49090 7.6 87. 0.36557 7.6 88. 0.23930 7.6 89. 0.12049 8.0 0. 1.94195 8.0 10. 1.96090 8.0 20. 1.97334 8.0 30. 1.97682 8.0 40. 1.95697 8.0 45. 1.93858 8.0 50. 1.91064 8.0 60. 1.81705 8.0 70. 1.62199 8.0 75. 1.43366 8.0 80. 1.12421 8.0 81. 1.04106 8.0 82. 0.95176 8.0 83. 0.85135 8.0 84. 0.74325 8.0 85. 0.62769 8.0 86. 0.50441 8.0 87. 0.37582 8.0 88. 0.24580 8.0 89. 0.12358 8.5 0. 1.94997 8.5 10. 1.96673 8.5 20. 1.98054 8.5 30. 1.97708 8.5 40. 1.96309 8.5 45. 1.94069 8.5 50. 1.91798 8.5 60. 1.82588 8.5 70. 1.63691 8.5 75. 1.45289 8.5 80. 1.14711 8.5 81. 1.06504 8.5 82. 0.97399 8.5 83. 0.87456 8.5 84. 0.76478 8.5 85. 0.64649 8.5 86. 0.52028 8.5 87. 0.38718 8.5 88. 0.25367 8.5 89. 0.12700 9.0 0. 1.95706 9.0 10. 1.97498 9.0 20. 1.98396 9.0 30. 1.98321 9.0 40. 1.96344 9.0 45. 1.94409 9.0 50. 1.91874 9.0 60. 1.83209 9.0 70. 1.64865 9.0 75. 1.46988 9.0 80. 1.16766 9.0 81. 1.08805 9.0 82. 0.99486 9.0 83. 0.89569 9.0 84. 0.78418 9.0 85. 0.66493 9.0 86. 0.53490 9.0 87. 0.39973 9.0 88. 0.26177 9.0 89. 0.13052 9.5 0. 1.96006 9.5 10. 1.98040 9.5 20. 1.98948 9.5 30. 1.98727 9.5 40. 1.96951 9.5 45. 1.95090 9.5 50. 1.92523 9.5 60. 1.83805 9.5 70. 1.65887 9.5 75. 1.48741 9.5 80. 1.19040 9.5 81. 1.10821 9.5 82. 1.01596 9.5 83. 0.91544 9.5 84. 0.80330 9.5 85. 0.68101 9.5 86. 0.55056 9.5 87. 0.41049 9.5 88. 0.26911 9.5 89. 0.13379 10.0 0. 1.96869 10.0 10. 1.98252 10.0 20. 1.99106 10.0 30. 1.98956 10.0 40. 1.96692 10.0 45. 1.95114 10.0 50. 1.92410 10.0 60. 1.84364 10.0 70. 1.66960 10.0 75. 1.50024 10.0 80. 1.20913 10.0 81. 1.12815 10.0 82. 1.03621 10.0 83. 0.93389 10.0 84. 0.82144 10.0 85. 0.69801 10.0 86. 0.56345 10.0 87. 0.42125 10.0 88. 0.27623 10.0 89. 0.13712 11.0 0. 1.97469 11.0 10. 1.98934 11.0 20. 1.99584 11.0 30. 1.99193 11.0 40. 1.96869 11.0 45. 1.95462 11.0 50. 1.92925 11.0 60. 1.84974 11.0 70. 1.68550 11.0 75. 1.52786 11.0 80. 1.24328 11.0 81. 1.16297 11.0 82. 1.07077 11.0 83. 0.97076 11.0 84. 0.85512 11.0 85. 0.72883 11.0 86. 0.59084 11.0 87. 0.44235 11.0 88. 0.29012 11.0 89. 0.14322 12.0 0. 1.97741 12.0 10. 1.99596 12.0 20. 1.99795 12.0 30. 1.99681 12.0 40. 1.97453 12.0 45. 1.95215 12.0 50. 1.92990 12.0 60. 1.85243 12.0 70. 1.69813 12.0 75. 1.55061 12.0 80. 1.27572 12.0 81. 1.19797 12.0 82. 1.10500 12.0 83. 1.00238 12.0 84. 0.88368 12.0 85. 0.75820 12.0 86. 0.61588 12.0 87. 0.46297 12.0 88. 0.30345 12.0 89. 0.14918 13.0 0. 1.98316 13.0 10. 1.99879 13.0 20. 2.00375 13.0 30. 1.99734 13.0 40. 1.97489 13.0 45. 1.95278 13.0 50. 1.92892 13.0 60. 1.85326 13.0 70. 1.70961 13.0 75. 1.57030 13.0 80. 1.29594 13.0 81. 1.22566 13.0 82. 1.13578 13.0 83. 1.03322 13.0 84. 0.91747 13.0 85. 0.78581 13.0 86. 0.63930 13.0 87. 0.48209 13.0 88. 0.31656 13.0 89. 0.15498 14.0 0. 1.98847 14.0 10. 2.00206 14.0 20. 2.00559 14.0 30. 1.99971 14.0 40. 1.97244 14.0 45. 1.95092 14.0 50. 1.92812 14.0 60. 1.85474 14.0 70. 1.71807 14.0 75. 1.57768 14.0 80. 1.33064 14.0 81. 1.25309 14.0 82. 1.16425 14.0 83. 1.06243 14.0 84. 0.94613 14.0 85. 0.81176 14.0 86. 0.66260 14.0 87. 0.50000 14.0 88. 0.32862 14.0 89. 0.16064 15.0 0. 1.99302 15.0 10. 2.00404 15.0 20. 2.00768 15.0 30. 1.99763 15.0 40. 1.97193 15.0 45. 1.95018 15.0 50. 1.92854 15.0 60. 1.85474 15.0 70. 1.71837 15.0 75. 1.60055 15.0 80. 1.35430 15.0 81. 1.27778 15.0 82. 1.18992 15.0 83. 1.08901 15.0 84. 0.97064 15.0 85. 0.82364 15.0 86. 0.68520 15.0 87. 0.51836 15.0 88. 0.34106 15.0 89. 0.16623 16.0 0. 1.99495 16.0 10. 2.00664 16.0 20. 2.00914 16.0 30. 1.99817 16.0 40. 1.97051 16.0 45. 1.95355 16.0 50. 1.92571 16.0 60. 1.85425 16.0 70. 1.72890 16.0 75. 1.60991 16.0 80. 1.37520 16.0 81. 1.29979 16.0 82. 1.21309 16.0 83. 1.11333 16.0 84. 0.99544 16.0 85. 0.85915 16.0 86. 0.70609 16.0 87. 0.53497 16.0 88. 0.35263 16.0 89. 0.17162 17.0 0. 1.99668 17.0 10. 2.00730 17.0 20. 2.00710 17.0 30. 1.99616 17.0 40. 1.97073 17.0 45. 1.95041 17.0 50. 1.92224 17.0 60. 1.85293 17.0 70. 1.73394 17.0 75. 1.62205 17.0 80. 1.39313 17.0 81. 1.32043 17.0 82. 1.23595 17.0 83. 1.13667 17.0 84. 1.01817 17.0 85. 0.88313 17.0 86. 0.72683 17.0 87. 0.55152 17.0 88. 0.36460 17.0 89. 0.17700 18.0 0. 2.00184 18.0 10. 2.01280 18.0 20. 2.00659 18.0 30. 1.99619 18.0 40. 1.96833 18.0 45. 1.94740 18.0 50. 1.92307 18.0 60. 1.85304 18.0 70. 1.73877 18.0 75. 1.63095 18.0 80. 1.41103 18.0 81. 1.34132 18.0 82. 1.24480 18.0 83. 1.15733 18.0 84. 1.04151 18.0 85. 0.90504 18.0 86. 0.74594 18.0 87. 0.56869 18.0 88. 0.37526 18.0 89. 0.18248 19.0 0. 1.99961 19.0 10. 2.01190 19.0 20. 2.01252 19.0 30. 1.99804 19.0 40. 1.97004 19.0 45. 1.94647 19.0 50. 1.91965 19.0 60. 1.85253 19.0 70. 1.74026 19.0 75. 1.64076 19.0 80. 1.42815 19.0 81. 1.35877 19.0 82. 1.27718 19.0 83. 1.17843 19.0 84. 1.06090 19.0 85. 0.92577 19.0 86. 0.75637 19.0 87. 0.58375 19.0 88. 0.37714 19.0 89. 0.18756 20.0 0. 1.99982 20.0 10. 2.01057 20.0 20. 2.00925 20.0 30. 1.99678 20.0 40. 1.96673 20.0 45. 1.94478 20.0 50. 1.91646 20.0 60. 1.84653 20.0 70. 1.74227 20.0 75. 1.64417 20.0 80. 1.44246 20.0 81. 1.37496 20.0 82. 1.29461 20.0 83. 1.19761 20.0 84. 1.08216 20.0 85. 0.94428 20.0 86. 0.77460 20.0 87. 0.59898 20.0 88. 0.39751 20.0 89. 0.19293 25.0 0. 2.00660 25.0 10. 2.01419 25.0 20. 2.01360 25.0 30. 1.99598 25.0 40. 1.96105 25.0 45. 1.93869 25.0 50. 1.90950 25.0 60. 1.83980 25.0 70. 1.74575 25.0 75. 1.66863 25.0 80. 1.49887 25.0 81. 1.44260 25.0 82. 1.37049 25.0 83. 1.28045 25.0 84. 1.16782 25.0 85. 1.03123 25.0 86. 0.86593 25.0 87. 0.67075 25.0 88. 0.44840 25.0 89. 0.21701 30.0 0. 2.01056 30.0 10. 2.01265 30.0 20. 2.00914 30.0 30. 1.99164 30.0 40. 1.95522 30.0 45. 1.93200 30.0 50. 1.90010 30.0 60. 1.83292 30.0 70. 1.74352 30.0 75. 1.67870 30.0 80. 1.54079 30.0 81. 1.48977 30.0 82. 1.42437 30.0 83. 1.34344 30.0 84. 1.23720 30.0 85. 1.10229 30.0 86. 0.93570 30.0 87. 0.73211 30.0 88. 0.49451 30.0 89. 0.23982 ____________________________________________________